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Hardiness: USDA Zone 4a: to -34.4 °C (-30 °F) USDA Zone 4b: to -31.6 °C (-25 °F) USDA Zone 5a: to -28.8 °C (-20 °F) USDA Zone 5b: to -26.1 °C (-15 °F) USDA Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F) USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F) USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F) USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F) USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F) USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F) USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F) USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F) USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F) USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F)
Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade
Danger: Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested
Bloom Color: White/Near White
Bloom Time: Late Spring/Early Summer
Foliage: Herbaceous
Other details: May be a noxious weed or invasive Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater
Soil pH requirements: 6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic) 6.6 to 7.5 (neutral) 7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)
Propagation Methods: By dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs (including offsets) From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall From bulbils
I just found this plant in my garden today. Actually, it's been there for a year now, but today I noticed the flowers on some of the plants. (there are probably 10 or so plants scattered on the mound I've built which surrounds my deck. After reading the warnings about this plant, I plan to dig them up. Although the flower was a pleasant surprise, it's not worth the trouble it seems to bring. I sure am glad I did a bit of investigation! Thank you all, for your comments. Quite helpful!
On May 18, 2008, kcviolet from Kansas City, MO wrote:
We found two of these in our backyard this year and thought they were so pretty. Then my black lab ate some and became horribly ill. I know it was these plants because I saw them again, if you know what I mean. This was not just eating grass sick this was go to the vet sick. It did this to a one hundred pound dog! I just dug up the two plants & burned them. There must have been fifty little bulbs on each one! I know I'll have to watch for them next year, too. Very pretty - but non-native & very poisonous!
On May 13, 2008, mogravely from Columbia, MO wrote:
Highly invasive. Check on web for more info: all parts of plant said to be poisonous to people and livestock. Will spread everywhere through seeds and small bulbs. Difficult to eradicate and will contaminate your soil with bulbs so you can not share starts of other plants. Grows thick and shades out other plants including grass in spring and then dies back so summer annual weeds move in . Do not plant and begin to eradicate it if you have it as it invades pastures and native plantings with vigor.
On May 30, 2007, efbiosis from Saint Louis, MO (Zone 6a) wrote:
Grow at your own risk. One bulb will produce dozens of bulblets over the course of the growing season causing it to spread rampantly into turf and garden beds alike.
This is another plant that is resistant to topical herbicides due to the waxy coating of the leaves.
On May 24, 2007, jg48650 from Pinconning, MI (Zone 6a) wrote:
These flowers are a very pleasant surprise in our yard. They provide green very early in spring when little else is green. The flowers bloom when little else is in bloom. They do well in both sun and more shaded areas. The foliage dies down quickly after blooming, and it doesn't seem to be invasive here.
On May 11, 2007, CaptMicha from Brookeville, MD (Zone 7a) wrote:
I received this plant misidentified as something else in a trade. So I planted it believing it to be something else. I since have forgotten what it was supposed to be but I wasn't over thrilled when it became Ornithogalum umbellatum.
I'm not too concerned since I have it cornered in by a sidewalk with other potentially thuggish plants like Campanulas. If they spread, they're not going through concrete.
Not being very showy or having any other redeeming qualities, I'm going to get rid of it.
On Mar 16, 2007, warwick3md from Catonsville, MD (Zone 7b) wrote:
One of these beautiful little ones popped up in my yard a few years back- I loved it & actually, still enjoy it's delicate beauty but EXTREMELY invasive!!!!! Last year I literally spent hours trying to excavate the zillions of baby bulbs( it has spread throughout my yard, flowerbeds & even to my neighbors across the street!), to no avail! I give up! Soooo, if you don't want it, get rid of it fast!
On Feb 2, 2007, sladeofsky from Louisville, KY (Zone 6b) wrote:
This plant can be pretty, (but nothing special) in tall grass areas or wildflower gardens. But it is too unkempt and rambunxious for most gardens. It can be very difficult to eradicate. The super-hardy bulbs multiply quickly and can grow from great depths. Pulling will not get the job done as the leaves generally break leaving the bulbs in place. In hard soils pulling is simply not an option. The soil must excavated and then be vigilant in removing young plants as the emerge over the years. Many gardeners mistake its winter growth for crocus.
On Jan 16, 2006, Gabrielle from Washington, IL (Zone 5a) wrote:
This is such a beautiful, deceptively delicate looking flower. I suppose if you wanted to get rid of them, it would be a problem, but I can’t see myself wanting to get rid of them. The foliage appears in mid winter, and it is always nice to see something emerging then. I have them growing in an area that most other plants want to die, and they seem to thrive on neglect. Another name for it is Dove's Dung . . . have no idea how that one came about.
On Aug 30, 2005, cobalt123 from Phoenix, AZ wrote:
This Star of Bethlehem grows in a variety that has a yellow and light green center, with stamens that are dark yellow and there is always one that is longer and white. I don't know what variety the one I have photographed it. It grows in nice bushy clumps, about 2' tall, in a partially shaded area in Tucson, Arizona. It obviously can stand up to heat waves. Today when I saw this plant and photographed it, it was 110 degrees.
On May 31, 2005, HerbMarsh from Deerfield, MA wrote:
I was initially pleased when this plant appeared in my garden--it is mentioned in "Lost in the Stars." But it has proven to be horrendously invasive, rapidly spreading in the course of a year or two from my garden to now taking over the lawn. I've tried Round-up at the normal concentration-- it knocked the foliage down, but next spring it was back, denser than ever! (The plant spreads by seeds, each fruiting plant probably produces 100,s of seeds, and by bulblets. Even a 1 cm bulb produces 1-2 bulblets, and a more mature, 1-2yr old bulb will 20-30 bulblets.) I've been digging them out, but that's a loser. Anybody have a solution??
On May 27, 2005, wildflowerlady from Arcola, IL wrote:
This beautiful little plant cropped up in my garden voluntarily (with the help of squirrels, I imagine). I enjoy its welcoming blossoms in spring, but have found it to by highly irritating to skin. Handle with care and keep children away. It reproduces rapidly in zone 5B.
On May 23, 2005, PurplePansies from Deal, NJ (Zone 7a) wrote:
This plant planted itself in my garden (only a couple plants) and for a "weed" it is pretty cute and attractive albeit not astonishingly showy.... it could be a nice groundcover where a short flowering one was wanted.... flowers don't last long and or seem to close at night or on overcast days.... no fragrance..... Apparently easy to grow since it popped up in my garden with no help! Not very invasive though.... has not spread or become troublesome.....
On May 19, 2005, morgand9 from Aberystwyth
() wrote:
This grew in my parents' yard when I was a child (1960s) and was not invasive but slowly spreading. This was between Seattle and Tacoma in what is now called Sea-Tac (inside the perimeter of the since-expanded Sea-Tac Airport). I spent years searching for it in the UK, where I now live, and finally found it this spring in a plant sale at Powis Castle, Newtown, Wales.
On May 6, 2005, nick89 from Tallahassee, FL (Zone 8b) wrote:
A native of Asia Minor that is naturalized in north Alabama. The leaves appear in the fall and produce flowers in mid spring. The plant is very invasive, especially in lawns. However this habit is useful in creating a large-scale winter and spring groundcover. A common local name is starflower.
On Apr 14, 2005, paani from Saint Louis, MO (Zone 6a) wrote:
This plant is certainly hardy past zone 7. It covers our perennial beds like *very* lush grass in the spring. It produces masses of new bulbs too.
The cats will chew on its new growth when there is not yet tender young grass for them. It's poisonous to them. So far just some bad stomach aches and bloating, but working on removing it / reducing it.
The flowers are pretty, but there are lots of non-poisonous spring bloomers with pretty flowers too.
This plant has become invasive in my pasture, where my
sheep graze. I have read that this plant is poisionous, and
am very concerned about how to eradicate and control it.
Will my sheep die if they eat it?
When I pull this plant up, it has hundreds of very tiny
bulbs, growing in clumps. I also found several on top of a post, where a squirrel had taken it. While this plant is
pretty, it is of grave concern, in places it is not wanted.
I like the overall appearance, but it seems that before it really has a chance to bloom, it's been flattened by the wind. Maybe it needs a little more sheltered area. We transplanted it from an overgrown flower bed on an old farm site and it has returned every year for 15 years, but hasn't spread significantly.
On Jan 16, 2004, vagardener from Springfield, VA wrote:
This is a lovely little plant, that is a legacy of the previous owners of my house. It thrives in a small corner of a border garden and does not appear to be very invasive. It flowers late spring and is gone by early summer. The foliage remains green most of the summer. It is partial sun, but remains out of the strong Virginia sun until late in the day.
On Jan 15, 2004, Azalea from Jonesboro, GA (Zone 7b) wrote:
A nice surprise to see this perky little flower blooming in mid spring in my zone 7. The leaves start shooting up in January, pretty white star shape blooms follow soon. They do multiply freely by bulbs, but have not found them invasive. After blooming, the leaves die down until next spring.
On Nov 26, 2003, suncatcheracres from Old Town, FL wrote:
I grew this pretty Spring flowering bulb under a Natchez crape myrtle tree in a sunny raised flower bed in a suburb of Atlanta, Georgia, for several years. It does spread rapidly, but the Dutch iris, crocus, daffodills and hyacinths managed to compete with it, and they all contributed some early Spring color after Atlanta's dreary grey and brown winters. It was an easy care plant that came and went with the season, and by late Spring was forgotten as my perennial purple drumstick ornamental onions, maroon hollyhocks, and annually planted nasturtiums took this particular bed.
I purchased my bulbs in 1998 in packages at a Walmart garden center in the Atlanta area, so I do not believe they are very hard to find. You just have to look during the gardening season that these bulbs are sold, which would probably be in the Fall for Spring flowering bulbs.
On Nov 24, 2003, CindyPierce from Vancouver, WA (Zone 8a) wrote:
I love the Star of Bethlehem flower. I accidentally obtained one bulb when I was given a bunch of other bulbs for our new house. My Star of Bethlehem has been a constant reminder to us of a very good friend of ours who has passed away and often commented about it. I have read that it is very invasive but mine is not.
On Feb 12, 2003, Greenknee from Chantilly, VA (Zone 6b) wrote:
I collected this from an old homesite I was redeveloping (source of many plants) - it was thriving, but blooming very little as shade had become dense. It is extremely invasive in places where it won't even bloom, deep shade.
Now I can't get rid of it. Beware! (this habit is reported by many garden authorities).
This plant is HIGHLY poisonous. Keep away from children and pets. My mother had it in our yard up North. It grew wild and was very hardy in the cold, damp climate of NY State. Very pretty, just becareful with it.
On May 8, 2002, Wvdaisy from Buffalo, WV (Zone 7a) wrote:
I got some of these bulbs from my mother, they were on the property when she purchased her house, the house is 100 years old and we don't know how long these bulbs have been there but they naturalized a hillside and are beautiful. They must have well-drained soil or they won't bloom. Her soil is clay. She now grows them on the hill around her pond amongst other perennials.
I like this flower very much. We spent the weekend trailing Hocking Hills in Southern Central Ohio. What a hidden wonderland!! During the day and a half walk we only found one 'Star of Bethleham" blossom and it was near a bench we sat to eat lunch. I'd like to know where I can purchase some seeds for this beauty!!
Regional...
This plant has been said to grow in the following regions:
Jones, Alabama Madison, Alabama New Market, Alabama Arcola, Illinois Washington, Illinois Jeffersonville, Indiana Macy, Indiana Silver Lake, Kansas Calvert City, Kentucky Dry Ridge, Kentucky Louisville, Kentucky Brookeville, Maryland Catonsville, Maryland Laurel, Maryland Thurmont, Maryland Agawam, Massachusetts Bridgewater, Massachusetts Brockton, Massachusetts Millbury, Massachusetts Springfield, Massachusetts Manchester, Michigan Marshall, Michigan Owosso, Michigan Pinconning, Michigan Menahga, Minnesota Cole Camp, Missouri Columbia, Missouri Kansas City, Missouri Piedmont, Missouri Saint Charles, Missouri Saint Louis, Missouri Osmond, Nebraska Hudson, New Hampshire Himrod, New York Port Washington, New York Norwood, North Carolina Belfield, North Dakota Glouster, Ohio Hulbert, Oklahoma Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Gold Hill, Oregon Salem, Oregon Albion, Pennsylvania Millersburg, Pennsylvania Osceola, Pennsylvania Tidioute, Pennsylvania Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania Woonsocket, Rhode Island Conway, South Carolina Greenville, South Carolina Rock Hill, South Carolina Viola, Tennessee Baytown, Texas Dallas, Texas East Burke, Vermont Chester, Virginia Springfield, Virginia Kalama, Washington Spokane, Washington Cedarburg, Wisconsin Oconto, Wisconsin