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Caliche is a layer of soil in which the particles are "cemented" together by lime. A layer of caliche can be anywhere from a few inches to several feet thick. Similar to hardpan it creates drainage problems and roots cannot penetrate it.
A soil condition found in some areas of the arid Southwest, or as the result of synthetic fertilizers, caliche is a deposit of calcium carbonate (lime) beneath the soil surface. This condition is more commonly called \'hardpan\' and creates an impervious layer in lower levels of soil.