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A general term for a body of flowing water; natural water course containing water at least part of the year. In Hydrology, the term is generally applied to the water flowing in a natural channel as distinct from a canal. More generally, as in the term Stream Gaging, it is applied to the water flowing in any channel, natural or artificial. Some classifications of streams include, in relation to time:
[1] Ephemeral Streams—Streams which flow only in direct response to precipitation and whose channel is at all times above the water table.
[2] Intermittent or Seasonal Streams—Streams which flow only at certain times of the year when it receives water from springs, rainfall, or from surface sources such as melting snow.
[3] Perennial Streams—Streams which flow continuously.
[4] Gaining Streams—Streams or a reach of a stream that receive water from the zone of saturation. Also referred to as an Effluent Stream.
[5] Insulated Streams—Streams or a reach of a stream that neither contribute water to the zone of saturation nor receive water from it. Such streams are separated from the zones of saturation by an impermeable bed.
[6] Losing Streams—Streams or a reach of a stream that contribute water to the zone of saturation. Also referred to as an Influent Stream.
[7] Perched Streams—Perched streams are either losing streams or insulated streams that are separated from the underlying ground water by a zone of aeration.
